rabbit anti-human galectin-3 antibody  (GeneTex)

Journal: PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases

Article Title: Distinct features of the host-parasite interactions between nonadherent and adherent Trichomonas vaginalis isolates

doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011016

Figure Lengend Snippet: A and B. Surface expression or secretion of galectins. CFSE-labeled TH17 trophozoites (green) were co-incubated with h VECs (moi 1:3) were sampled at intervals for the detection of galectin-1 (red) and galectin-3 (cyan) by IFA (A), while these galectins in the conditioned medium were detected by ELISA (B). PI, post-infection. Adherent trophozoites in A are indicated by white triangles. C, D, and E. T1 or TH17 trophozoites were incubated in fresh or conditioned KSFM (D) from h VECs cultures for 30 min. Cells were fixed for detection of galectin-1 or -3 by IFA without permeation for (C) or with permeation for (D and E) before immune detection. E. IFA co-staining with anti-galectin-3 antibody and LysoTracker. F and G. T1 or TH17 trophozoites were incubated with FITC-conjugated recombinant galectin-1 or galectin-3 and analyzed by flow cytometry (F) or fluorescence microscopy (G). The bar graph is shown by mean ± SD. All assays were repeated three times and the representative data are shown here. Differences were statistically analyzed by Student’s t-test, with P <0.01(**) and P <0.05(*).

Article Snippet: In brief, standards and serial-diluted supernatants recovered from human cultures challenged with T . vaginalis were incubated in 96-well plates precoated with 50 μl of goat anti-human galectin-1 (1 μg/ml, R&D Systems AF1152) or rabbit anti-human galectin-3 antibody (1 μg/ml, GeneTex) at room temperature for 1 hr.

Techniques: Expressing, Labeling, Incubation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Infection, Staining, Recombinant, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence, Microscopy

Journal: PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases

Article Title: Distinct features of the host-parasite interactions between nonadherent and adherent Trichomonas vaginalis isolates

doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011016

Figure Lengend Snippet: On infection, T . vaginalis may trigger the surface expression and secretion of galectins from h VECs. The extracellular galectins may initially bind on the parasite surface, then galectin-3 is internalized and enclosed in the lysosomes inside the trophozoites of adherent isolate. The extracellular galectins bound to the parasite might trigger the aggregation of trophozoites on h VECs, as this is diminished in the presence of lactose. In the adherent isolate, the predominant flagellate-amoeboid transition, as well as cytoadherence, were simultaneously suppressed by CytD, speculating that actin cytoskeleton-based behavior may mediate cytoadherence. When axostyle microtubule assembly was disturbed by TPI, the axostyle anchoring was abolished with the reduced cytoadherence, suggesting that axostyle anchoring might be an early event required for cytoadherence. For T . vaginalis , it is speculated that the cytoskeleton and cell surface adhesion molecules may coordinate their cytoadherence, so these factors should be considered in the study of host-parasite interactions and provide new insights into the host colonization of T . vaginalis .

Article Snippet: In brief, standards and serial-diluted supernatants recovered from human cultures challenged with T . vaginalis were incubated in 96-well plates precoated with 50 μl of goat anti-human galectin-1 (1 μg/ml, R&D Systems AF1152) or rabbit anti-human galectin-3 antibody (1 μg/ml, GeneTex) at room temperature for 1 hr.

Techniques: Infection, Expressing